Case: Y. A. -

Between 2014 and 2016, Y. A., an Iraqi male, is said to have been a member ISIS, like his brother A. A. who is also being prosecuted by Portuguese authorities. While part of ISIS' intelligence unit (Amniyah), Y. A. allegedly committed war crimes against people in Iraq. On 5 September 2022, Portuguese prosecutors charged him with eight counts of war crimes against a person and one count of membership in a terrorist organisation. This case of the two Iraqi brothers was the first time that Portuguese authorities charged foreign individuals for war crimes against persons committed in Iraq. On 18 January 2024, the court of first instance sentenced Y. A. to ten years imprisonment after finding him guilty of membership in a terrorist organisation. The Public Prosecutor has appealed the judgment.